A few sections pulled from article written by Charles Hayward. Link Below.

[b]
[i]"Make no mistake. In my opinion, cheating through the use of performance-enhancing drugs and illegal medications in some form is taking place on a regular basis at Thoroughbred racetracks throughout the United States."[/i][/b]

AND

[b][i]"Unfortunately, while New York is counted as one of the 25 percent of the ARCI jurisdictions that has adopted the OOC, there is a significant difference between the two OOC rules. Furthermore, regarding actual implementation of an OOC rule in New York, there is no public record that any horse/trainer has been found to have tested positive under the NY OOC law.

Further, NYRA has adopted a ‘house’ rule for OOC testing. Under this, NYRA cannot fine or suspend a trainer with an OOC house rule violation, but it can refuse to give the trainer stalls or take entries. Once again, NYRA has not published any such penalties imposed on any trainer for an OOC testing violation."[/i][/b]


https://www.thoroughbredracing.com/articles/drug-regulation-america-why-it-just-doesnt-function-properly/